Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents
Additional Resources
AFCEE Source Zone Initiative
Air Force Center for Environmental Excellence (AFCEE), 234 pp +appendix (273 pp), 2007
Key elements include a description of governing processes, illustrative laboratory studies, predictive models, and demonstrative field data, including a review of source control measures taken for TCE at Air Force Plant 4, near the former Carswell Air Force Base, TX. Results from this work indicate that transverse diffusion can drive contaminants into low permeability zones. Initially, this has the effect of attenuating contaminants in transmissive layers. After the DNAPL has been depleted, back diffusion from low permeability zones can sustain contaminant concentrations in transmissive layers in source zones and plumes.
Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment Source Zone Treatment Web Site
The AFCEE Source Zone Treatment technology roadmap is intended to assist Air Force environmental managers in identifying and applying more effective methods for remediating and managing sites with contamination source zones. The web site offers a background on source zone remediation, the relevant issues, 'how-to' tools and knowledge, resources, links, and timely state-of-the-art technology reviews.
Bioremediation Discussion Group and Mailing List
The BioGroup is a global forum for discussing the technical aspects of bioremediation science and engineering. The Internet mailing list is hosted and moderated by GZA GeoEnvironmental, Inc.
Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents Consortium
The Consortium is one of seven Action Teams of the Remediation Technologies Development Forum (RTDF). It was established in May 1993, when representatives from various companies, universities, EPA, DoD, and DOE met to discuss their mutual interest in developing in situ bioremediation technologies to degrade chlorinated solvents in soils and ground water. The historical information concerning the consortium is available through the RTDF home page.
In 2004, the RTDF - Bioremediation Consortium initiated Phase III of its research activities when it joined forces with a multinational team to launch the In Situ Source Area Bioremediation project (SABRE). This project, which is being conducted in the United Kingdom, is scheduled to be completed in 2008 and has a budget of nearly $6 million, financed by industrial members and the DTI LINK Bioremediation program in the UK. The goal is to demonstrate the efficacy of accelerated anaerobic bioremediation as a treatment alternative for source areas contaminated with chlorinated solvent dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). The SABRE project team comprises: Archon Environmental; British Geological Survey (BGS); Celanese Acetate; Chevron; CL:AIRE; DuPont; ESI; GE; Geosyntec Consultants, Inc.; Golder Associates; Honeywell; ICI; Scientifics; SERDP; Shell; SiREM; Terra Systems, Inc; University of Edinburgh; and University of Sheffield. The Environment Agency (EA) of England and Wales and US EPA are also included. In addition, the University of Birmingham and BGS are conducting a complimentary research project (Streamtube) in the SABRE test cell. The project has completed initial characterization of DNAPL source zones, a laboratory microcosm study, installation of the test cell, and baseline data collection. Column studies are well advanced, and modelling is occurring throughout the project. Biostimulation and bioaugmentation of the test cell occurred in the Spring of 2007.
Center for Microbial Ecology at Michigan State University: Bioremediation Research Initiative
The Effect of Concentrated Electron Donors on the Solubility of Trichloroethene
E. Hood, D. Major, and G. Driedger.
Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation , Vol 27 No 4, p 93-98, 2007
Although recent vendor claims suggest that the addition of highly concentrated electron donor solutions to increase the aqueous solubility of TCE during enhanced in situ bioremediation is a significant mechanism of contaminant mass removal, the results of experimental measurements of the solubility of TCE in aqueous solution with 8 typical electron donors suggest that due to the small changes in TCE solubility in comparison to the high electron donor concentrations employed, it is difficult to envision circumstances justifying the use of a high electron donor concentration to enhance TCE solubility as part of a bioremediation strategy, though the use of more concentrated (e.g., 50 to 95%) ethanol solutions would be appropriate for cosolvent flooding.
Enhancing Stakeholder Acceptance of Bioremediation Technologies
Focht, W., M. Albright, and R.P. Anex Jr.
DOE/ER/63798-1, 228 pp, 2009
This report details the results of an inquiry into the judgments and beliefs of people living near DOE reservations and facilities at Oak Ridge, TN; Hanford, WA; and Los Alamos, NM, about bioremediation of subsurface contamination. The purpose of the investigation was to identify strategies based on these judgments and beliefs for enhancing public support for biological remediation technologies, such as bioremediation, phytoremediation, and biobarriers.
In Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Ethene DNAPL Source Zones: A Resource Guide
Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council (ITRC) Bioremediation of DNAPLs Team, 46 pp, 2007
This resource guide provides a compilation of relevant scientific and technical literature on the bioremediation of chlorinated ethene DNAPLs designed to help regulators, technology practitioners, site owners, and others develop a consistent approach to the basic principles, terminology, and technical features of bioremediation. The guide attempts to address the most critical aspects of the technology, but it is not intended to be an exhaustive treatise on the subject either in breadth or depth.
Superfund Remedy Report, Thirteenth Edition
EPA-542-R-10-004, 2010
The Superfund Remedy Report (SRR), Thirteenth Edition, formerly called the Treatment Technologies for Site Cleanup: Annual Status Report (ASR), was published by the EPA Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation (OSRTI) in September 2010. The SRR presents the analysis of Superfund remedial actions based on: (1) remedies selected in Records of Decision (ROD) and ROD amendments, and (2) actions modified in Explanation of Significant Differences (ESD), for fiscal years (FY) 2005 - 2008. The SRR also follows trends in remedy selection using ASR data from FY 1982 - 2004 combined with SRR data. The SRR analyzes remedies selected or modified in 594 decision documents, but does not include project-specific updates that were presented in past editions of ASR. In addition, SRR also includes brief project highlights related to green remediation, in situ bioremediation, and high resolution site characterization. The online version includes downloadable appendices with data for several key tables and figures in the report and new appendices that summarize all the remedy components selected for sources and groundwater in each individual decision document.
Technology Innovation News Survey
2004
The Technology Innovation News Survey contains market/commercialization information; reports on demonstrations, feasibility studies and research; and other news relevant to the hazardous waste community interested in technology development. This report is updated every two weeks.
The University of Minnesota Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database
This web site provides graphic and text-based information concerning microbial biocatalytic reactions and biodegradation pathways for, primarily, xenobiotic chemical compounds. Instead of focusing on an organism, the starting point of this database is a chemical, such as trichloroethylene or chlorobenzene.
Waterloo Institute for Groundwater Research
The Consortium Program was the first major research effort focused on the problems of chlorinated solvents in groundwater. The Consortium Program maintains its leading edge and unique position through its research emphasis on new concepts, site investigative and remedial technologies in intensive field studies supported by laboratory experiments and mathematical models.
